Ultrafine particles from aviation and their impact on health
Burning aviation fuel emits particles of different sizes, including ultrafine particles (UFP), which are tiny and can cause respiratory, cardiovascular and blood pressure problems. Despite growing evidence on the harmful effects of UFP exposure, this contaminant is unregulated and the subject of little research.
A study by Transport & Environment (T&E) analyzes the relationship between UFP and the health of people living near airports. According to this study, exposure to UFP may be related to cases of high blood pressure, diabetes and dementia in Europe.
Situation in Spain
In Spain, around 16% of the population lives near the busiest airports and is exposed to ultrafine particles from aviation. This represents a total of eight million people, who are especially affected by the emission of UFP during takeoff, landing and at altitude.
Furthermore, it is highlighted that people who live near airports and are exposed to these particles tend to belong to groups with lower incomes, which shows the inequality in exposure to air pollution.
Solutions and proposed measures
The study suggests that using better quality fuel could reduce UFP by up to 70%. The cleaning of aviation fuel through hydrotreatment, an economical process, is proposed as a viable solution to reduce air pollution near airports.
In addition, other measures are mentioned such as the reduction of air traffic, the use of cleaner technologies and the implementation of stricter regulations on aircraft fuel, with the aim of reducing the emission of UFP and protecting the health of the population.
Conclusions and call to action
The study highlights the urgency of addressing the public health crisis related to exposure to ultrafine particles from aviation. Policymakers are called on to prioritize the well-being of citizens over the growth of the aviation sector, implementing immediate measures to reduce exposure to these pollutants and protect the health of millions of people.
It is essential to take concrete actions, such as cleaning aviation fuel, reducing air traffic and using cleaner technologies, to mitigate the harmful effects of UFP and ensure a healthier environment for the population.
The complete study can be consulted at the following link: [Full study](https://www.transportenvironment.org/uploads/files/Health-study-briefing_TE.pdf)