A worrying situation
In Catalonia, a significant percentage of the population is struggling with what is known as “energy poverty”, a reality that affects 1 in 5 people. This situation results in the inability to ensure an adequate temperature in their homes during winter or summer, since they cannot meet the costs of heating or air conditioning. The impossibility of controlling the temperature of a home can have serious consequences for the health of individuals.
The consequences of extreme temperatures
Maintaining an appropriate temperature at home is vital for health, as being cold can lead to cardiovascular and respiratory problems, while exposure to high temperatures can cause dehydration and fatigue, especially in the most vulnerable people, such as the elderly and the children In 2023, Spain recorded an alarming number of deaths due to heat waves, with more than 10,000 victims.
Who suffers more from energy poverty?
People with limited resources are the most affected by this problem, including the migrant population and the unemployed. The geographical distribution also influences this situation: in urban areas, such as the core of Barcelona, hybrid night temperatures remain high due to asphalt and buildings that retain heat, creating an unfavorable environment for those who live in small houses without air conditioning.
The difference between neighborhoods
High-income neighborhoods, in contrast, enjoy more space, vegetation and better-insulated buildings that allow for a more pleasant temperature experience. These neighbors can usually afford to turn on the air conditioning systems or enjoy swimming pools, while many families in the most disadvantaged neighborhoods face the impossibility of taking care of their temperature and health.
The impact of climate change
The phenomenon of climate change has contributed to the increase in summer temperatures, further complicating the lives of people with few resources. During the summer of 2023, Catalonia experienced extreme temperatures that exceeded 45 degrees Celsius, thus raising energy and economic needs. In addition, the cost of electricity has risen considerably, restricting the options of families who are already struggling to meet their food needs.
The need for improvements
Social organizations have begun to demand new measures to protect people who are in a situation of energy vulnerability. Although the Government has implemented some initiatives to help low-income families pay their gas and electricity bills, the bureaucratic process to access this support is tedious and many people, such as those living in occupied properties, are left excluded from these aids.
The future of energy poverty
With extreme temperatures becoming more and more present, the Government’s responsibility is pointed out to start effective measures that allow all citizens, regardless of their purchasing power, to access affordable energy and live in conditions that protect them from inclement weather. We are facing a challenge that requires immediate and effective solutions to guarantee the well-being of all citizens.