A Growing Problem in Alt Urgell
Alt Urgell, a region located at the gates of the Pyrenees and Aran, has become the epicenter of an intense aerial treatment campaign against the pine processionary moth. According to recent data from the Department of Agriculture, Livestock, Fisheries and Food, more than 5,194 hectares have been treated in this area, while in Cerdanya, interventions have been limited to 1,221 hectares.
Climate Change and the Processionary
The gradual increase in temperatures during recent autumns and winters has disrupted the life cycle of the pine processionary moth, forcing authorities to activate pest control protocols earlier than usual. This year, control actions were carried out between October and December, a key time when the caterpillars are in their early stages of development, which maximizes the effectiveness of treatments.
Positive Results of the Campaign
Last fall’s campaign has proven to be a remarkable success, with caterpillar mortality exceeding 80% in the treated areas. Currently, the caterpillars have begun their processions to bury themselves, a period that represents an increased risk of hives and allergies for people nearby.
Understanding the Processionary
The processionary moth is a lepidopteran insect that affects pine and cedar species. Once the caterpillars hatch from their eggs, they seek out the sunniest branches to build their silky hairy nests, where they shelter during the winter. As the season progresses, these caterpillars leave the nests to feed and, in February or March, they descend from the trees to burrow and become chrysalises.
Impact on Forests and Human Health
Although the processionary moth does not usually kill trees, it does weaken them, making them more vulnerable to disease and affecting their ability to produce wood. In addition, the hives and irritation it causes in people make controlling this insect a public health issue, as well as a key aspect for the health of our forests.
Reflections on the Future
With climate change altering the life patterns of fauna and flora, the fight against the pine processionary moth is presented as a challenge that requires collaboration between authorities and the community. Raising awareness about the associated risks and implementing effective measures will be crucial to preserve the health of our forests and the safety of citizens.