The mark of history in language
The transformation of languages is a natural phenomenon that affects all aspects of communication. In the case of Catalan, we have seen significant changes in pronunciation and verbal inflection. For example, the previously used expression ‘jo sàpia’, which is still heard in certain regions, has evolved into ‘jo sàpiga’ and, in some cases, ‘jo sàpigui’.
Words in oblivion
Over time, some words have fallen into disuse, being replaced by more modern terms. A clear example is the word ‘jatsia’, which meant ‘despite’ and has been replaced by ‘encara’. Today, the phrase ‘Encara que plogui, demà anirem d’excursió’ is used, demonstrating how language adapts to new forms of expression.
Place names as witnesses of the past
Place names often preserve terms that have disappeared from everyday use. For example, the village of Vilallonga del Camp retains the old adjective ‘llong’, although ‘larg’ is used today. This phenomenon is repeated in other places, such as Vilallonga de Ter and Serrallonga, where linguistic history is evident in their names.
concrete examples
The diversity of examples is wide. In the case of ‘juïc’, which means ‘Jewish’, it is found in the name of the town of Vilajuïga and in the Montjuïc mountains. Although some theories suggest a relationship with Jupiter, the most common interpretation is the connection with Jewish identity.
Another interesting term is ‘tenes’, which translates as ‘shops’ and has disappeared from modern language, but is preserved in the name of Calldetenes, suggesting an old commercial district.
The persistence of old names
Words like ‘pera’, meaning ‘stone’, still exist in names like Perafort and Peratallada. Although ‘pera’ and its variant ‘peira’ are no longer used, they continue to be part of the cultural heritage in geographical nomenclature. The evolution of the language has not erased its traces, allowing the linguistic past to remain present in the present.
Reflections on linguistic evolution
Language is a living organism that adapts and transforms over time. Place names are a reminder of how language reflects the history and culture of a region. As we continue to explore these connections, we can appreciate the richness of linguistic heritage and its impact on our identity.