Changes and Consequences in the Mediterranean
The 2024 UN Decade of Oceans Conference, which took place in Barcelona, highlighted the growing challenges facing marine science. Seas and oceans are undergoing rapid changes due to global warming and human activities, endangering marine ecosystems and accelerating climate change, especially in the Mediterranean.
The Future of the Mediterranean
The models predict a more extreme climate in the Mediterranean, with intense precipitation, stronger storms and longer droughts. These changes will alter the region’s hydrological cycle, impacting the marine food chain and society. It is crucial to thoroughly understand this scenario in order to anticipate the social consequences of the changes in the Mediterranean.
Challenges and Opportunities
Although understanding of the oceans has improved in recent decades, more knowledge is needed to understand the absorption of heat in the deeper layers. This requires more financial support and collaboration between administrations to advance ocean science and sustainable development.
Maritime Protection
The UN aims to protect 30% of the marine surface by 2030. Certain human activities, such as moderate tourism and water sports, are compatible with this preservation, while sustainable fishing is key to maintaining a healthy marine population .
Ecological challenges: Climate Change vs. Overfishing
Climate change requires global solutions, while overfishing can be addressed at a regional scale. Cooperation between nations is crucial to promoting more sustainable fisheries.
Fighting Pollution
The search for an international treaty against plastic pollution is a priority. Understanding the impact of microplastics on the marine food chain can spur policy action to address this threat.
Future Perspectives
Despite the challenges, there is hope in global action to reverse the situation. Continued commitment and participation of the next generation is needed to achieve the goals of the Decade of Oceans.
Pending Challenges and Commitments
The 2024 Oceans Decade Conference has marked progress, but more action is needed. The commitment to the next generation is motivating and the establishment of a Collaborative Center for the Decade of the Oceans in Barcelona to promote collective actions is crucial.
