The gradual closure of nuclear power plants in Spain
The Spanish Government and the large electricity companies have agreed to the gradual closure of the seven nuclear reactors in the country. According to the established calendar, Almaraz I will close in 2027, Almaraz II in 2028, Ascó I in 2030, Cofrents in 2030, Ascó II in 2032, Vandellòs II in 2035 and Trillo also in 2035. This means that the closure of nuclear power plants in Catalonia will begin in 2030 and end in 2035.
The impact on the generation of electrical energy in Catalonia
Ignacio Araluce, president of the Nuclear Forum, highlights that the three nuclear power plants in Catalonia represent approximately 60% of the electrical energy generation in the region. Although faster development of renewable energy is expected, the pace is currently slow and a significant level of photovoltaic generation has not been achieved. The closure of nuclear power plants could make Catalonia dependent on other energy sources in the future.
The management of nuclear waste
A major concern is what will happen to nuclear waste. According to Ignacio Araluce, deep geological storage has been proposed that would be implemented starting in 2073. Meanwhile, nuclear waste would remain in nuclear power plants until that time. Araluce assures that there is no risk to the population and that it is not necessary to take special precautions at nuclear power plants. However, an expansion of storage capacity will be required. It is important to highlight that the closure of nuclear power plants in 2035 and the permanence of nuclear waste until 2073 pose certain contradictions.
The impact on the energy supply in Catalonia
The closure of nuclear power plants in Catalonia could generate a deficit in the energy supply. Currently, Catalonia already has a deficit of approximately six terabytes. If nuclear power generation is eliminated, this deficit could increase. This means that Catalonia will depend on other autonomous communities to cover its energy demand. It is important to consider the development of renewable energy and the expansion of distribution networks to ensure adequate energy supply in the future.
The cost of nuclear energy
According to the Nuclear Forum, the electrical energy generated by nuclear power plants is cheaper than other energy sources and is sold at a price of 0 on the wholesale market. If nuclear generation stops, it will be necessary to turn to more expensive energy sources, such as gas. Furthermore, nuclear energy is considered competitive, since it does not emit CO₂ and is a stable energy source. In comparison, photovoltaics have limitations in terms of production and space required. For example, 40,000 hectares of solar panels would be needed in Catalonia to equal the generation of the three nuclear power plants.
