The influence of maternal health on the fetus
In mammals, it is clear that maternal health is crucial to fetal health. A good state of health and a balanced diet of the mother have a positive impact on the health of the babies. In addition to during pregnancy, it is important for the mother to maintain good health and adequate nutrition before conception, as the oocyte contains reserve material from the mother, specific proteins and genetic information in the form of RNA This means that maternal health and a diet without deficiencies are important for fetal development.
The intestinal microbiota and its influence on maternal health
Another maternal factor that has received a lot of attention recently is the gut microbiota. This is the community of microorganisms that live in our gut. The intestinal microbiota plays an important role in intestinal well-being and in the production of metabolites and hormones important for the functioning of the body. The interaction between gut microbiota and cells is key to maternal health. The concentration of neurotransmitters such as serotonin in the blood depends on the gut-brain axis, which can also be extended to microbiota-gut-brain.
Intestinal dysbiosis and its effects
When the composition of the intestinal microbiota is not balanced, we speak of dysbiosis. This imbalance can have significant effects on the host. Bacterial infections and the use of certain medications, such as antibiotics, can alter the intestinal microbiota and cause problems such as irritation, inflammation and severe diarrhea. It is important to help restore the balance of the microbiota by taking probiotics.
The influence of the paternal microbiota on fetal health
A recent study has shown that the father’s gut microbiota also has an impact on fetal health and infant survival. In this study, intestinal dysbiosis was induced in male mice by administration of antibiotics. Mice born to pairs in which the male had intestinal dysbiosis were observed to weigh less and have a lower survival rate. This effect is not due to the transmission of dysbiosis through faeces, as sperm from antibiotic-treated males were also observed to have a negative impact on fetal health. However, these changes were temporary and reversed when the father’s intestinal microbiota recovered.
The importance of the microbiota in sperm production
The mechanisms by which gut microbiota affect sperm production are not yet precisely known. However, it has been noted that there is an alteration in sphingolipids, a type of fat essential for cell membranes. This discovery raises new questions about the effect of the microbiota on sperm production and whether this effect also applies to humans.
Conclusions
In summary, the gut microbiota plays a fundamental role in maternal health and fetal development. Both maternal and paternal health are important for the health of babies. It is necessary to continue research to better understand the mechanisms of this influence and its potential in human beings.
